Chicopee Public Schools Hr Assessment Essay - 723 Words

Chicopee Public Schools HR Assessment Background I have been working for Chicopee Public Schools for 2 years. I truly believe this is the best job I’ve ever had. The flexibility of my job is what I love the most. The only interaction I’ve had with Human Resources was when I got hired and when I have questions about benefits. We will dig deeper into my human resources department. We will explore issues involving retention, organizational growth, employee morale, and workplace demographics. I will narrow these four areas down to one and discuss ways to fix the issues. Target Crowd I wanted to get an unbiased view of Chicopee Public School System’s Human Resources department through the eyes of different workers. I targeted workers from different departments. CPS has a unique organization structure. CPS has a central office, this is where I work on a day to day basis. The central office could be considered the main hub for CPS. The public schools in Chicopee could be considered the sub organizations. This is what made it difficult to find a target audience in my organization. For this reason, I only focused on employees in the central office. My final decision was target two individuals from my human resources department, the Assistant for English Language Learners and Teacher Support, and the Assistant for Curriculum. I felt these individuals would give me a 360-degree view on our human resources department. Surveys I figured the best way to reach my targeted individuals was

Karl Marxs The Communist Manifesto Essay - 1731 Words

Karl Marxs The Communist Manifesto The Communist Manifesto written by Karl Marx explains the history of all societies as the history of class conflicts, he claims that the power and direction of all societies is determined by the modes of production, as such when the mode of production no longer suits the relations of society there is a revolution. He predicts that a revolution is coming between the proletariat and the bourgeoisie, and calls its coming inevitable. Marx argues that the bourgeoisies are no longer fit to rule, nor is their rule sustainable, as such the proletariat will overthrow them and end all class antagonisms with the creation of a classless society. However, Marx does not give enough credit to nationalism, nor†¦show more content†¦The bourgeoisie’s ever increasing wealth was, Marx believed, proportionally followed with increasing political advance. As such Marx believes, the governments of Europe were â€Å"but a committee for managing the common affairs of the whole bourgeoisieâ₠¬  (247). The bourgeoisie, Marx claims, destroyed all the relations between men, except for ‘naked self interest’; the bourgeoisie has transformed personal self worth into exchange value. Marx notes that, the exploitation previously veiled by religious and political ‘illusions’ is now direct, brutal and blatant. The bourgeoisie differs from other industrial classes in that it requires a constant revolutionizing of the modes of production, therefore it also requires a constant revolutionizing of the relations in society. Furthermore the relentless need for an expanding market stretches the bourgeoisie all over the globe, Marx claims that because of this national sovereignty and isolationism have become less possible to sustain. Thus the whole world is forced to become bourgeoisie, however, this also means that over the whole world the proletariat are coming into existence as well. Marx argues that, the bourgeoisie like all the oppressing classes before it will eventually be destroyed. Furthermore, he believes that the bourgeoisie is creating both the soldier and the sword for its own destruction. More specifically, MarxShow MoreRelated The Revolution of 1848 and Karl Marxs The Communist Manifesto1430 Words   |  6 PagesThe Revolution of 1848 and Karl Marxs The Communist Manifesto There were two major things that happened in Europe in 1848. One of those things was the Revolution of 1848. The other was the publication of the Communist Manifesto, written by Karl Marx. The Revolution of 1848, and the Communist Manifesto tie into each other very well. The Revolution was calling for a change in society, and so was Marx through the writing of his Manifesto. The revolution was a foundation for changesRead More Karl Marxs Communist Manifesto and the Industrial Proletariat1413 Words   |  6 PagesKarl Marxs Communist Manifesto and the Industrial Proletariat Karl Marxs Communist Manifesto was most appealing to and revolutionary for the industrial workers of 1848 (and those to come after that time). The call for unification of the proletariat and abolishment of the Bourgeoisie was an urgent one during a time of rapid progress in all aspects of industrial life. This urgency of The Communist Manifesto and the desire for change of political ideologies (to match the exponential rateRead MoreEssay about Karl Marxs The Communist Manifesto1261 Words   |  6 PagesKarl Marxs The Communist Manifesto The Communist Manifesto written by Karl Marx and Frederick Engels formulates the basic concepts of Communism. Faith and reason can be used to explain parts of this document. 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Stefan’s Diaries The Craving Chapter 14 Free Essays

On Friday Winfield took Damon and me to get fitted for a custom suit. A visit to Pinotto’s Tailoring might have been fun at some other point in my life – as it had been the night I went shopping with Lexi in New Orleans. Pasquale Pinotto was a master of his craft, descended from a long line of tailors to kings and queens of Europe. We will write a custom essay sample on Stefan’s Diaries: The Craving Chapter 14 or any similar topic only for you Order Now With his pince-nez glasses and chalk and measuring tape around his neck, he could have been someone out of a fairy tale. I enjoyed trying to speak the few words of Italian I knew to him; he took pleasure in it as well, though he corrected my accent. Damon, of course, pretended that he only wanted to speak English now that he was in America – which is how he got around the tailor’s delight at meeting a fellow countryman. â€Å"Look at this.† Damon held up a bolt of scarlet red silk to his face. â€Å"We could have our jackets lined with it. Doesn’t it just bring out the color in my lips? Or†¦ Lydia’s neck?† He moved it to the side, just about where the fang wounds would have been on him. Winfield looked confused. â€Å"She has taken to wearing scarves around her neck, lately. Is that what you mean? It’s dashed peculiar – she never used to.† Damon flicked him a quick look, a flash of surprise and annoyance so fast only I caught it. It was interesting that Mr. Sutherland noticed the subtle changes occurring around him, even if he was ultimately powerless against Damon’s compulsion. Although any safety the rich old man had was in staying completely ignorant of my brother’s schemes. I leaned against the wall for support, tension exhausting me. I felt claustrophobic among all the rolls of expensive fabric and labyrinthine rooms of mirrors and sewing machines, as trapped in that room as I was in my life. Mr. Sutherland made his way to a chair to rest his ponderous bulk. He seemed a touch fidgety – he kept reaching for his cigar, but he was not allowed to smoke one of his famous cigars in the atelier, as the smoke would ruin the fabric. â€Å"Now here is some cloth I am thinking you will like,† Signor Pinotto said, presenting us with black wool crepe so fine and soft it might have been silk. â€Å"I get it from a tiny village in Switzerland. They work†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Leave the cloth to me,† Winfield said, twirling an unlit cigar in his hand. â€Å"I know the business. Let the young men pick out whatever style they want.† Damon started looking through the jackets, pulling one out and holding it against him to see how it fit. â€Å"In this morning coat and that black crepe, we’ll look like real creatures of the night,† Damon observed. â€Å"Don’t you think so, Stefan?† â€Å"Yes, yes we will,† I agreed stonily. â€Å"Here, try this on.† Damon tossed me a smaller version of the jacket. Dutifully, I took off my own and put it on. The jacket fit me well except for being too big in the shoulders and chest. Damon was distracted by the tailor and Winfield, discussing patterns and linings and buttons. It occurred to me in that moment that I could leap out the window and run away. Would my brother actually carry through on all of his threats? Would he really kill the Sutherlands – or worse? But then I thought of the message in blood and realized I would never let the world find out the answer to that question. I wanted no more deaths on my conscience. â€Å"Is that the sort of thing young men prance around town in these days?† Winfield asked, frowning at my jacket. â€Å"I’ve never really been a – what did you call it? – ‘creature of the night.'† Damon gave him a cold smile. â€Å"Never say never.† And then Damon was suddenly standing next to me in front of the mirror, buttoning up his jacket and fluffing out the tails. Very assiduously he fixed mine as well. â€Å"Well, would you look at that,† he said to our reflections, putting an arm around my shoulders. â€Å"We could almost be brothers.† â€Å"We were brothers at one time,† I hissed so quietly that only Damon’s highly tuned ears could hear. â€Å"Though you are now as alien to me as the devil himself.† â€Å"Eh?† Winfield looked up. â€Å"You do resemble each other a little. The†¦ hair. And the†¦ face.† He waved a hand vaguely at us. Then he smiled widely. â€Å"I’ll have a whole set of matching grandchildren! Dozens of them, dandling on my knees.† Damon grinned. â€Å"Absolutely. I plan on having a large family, Mr. Sutherland. It’s important that my bloodline goes on.† â€Å"You’re really pushing it,† I said. â€Å"I haven’t even started,† he whispered, smiling. â€Å"Oh really? Then what was that message you left for me in blood?† I said. Damon’s forehead crinkled. â€Å"Message?† â€Å"Actually, I rather like the scarlet.† Winfield held a bolt of the fabric in his hands, and didn’t seem to notice the tension in the air. â€Å"It’s perfect. Damon DeSangue – bloodred, or of blood, right?† Damon looked surprised. I was taken off guard, too. â€Å"I speak four languages, boys,† Winfield said with a bit of a growl in his grin. â€Å"And can read another four. I-tal-ian is just one.† So Sutherland wasn’t quite the buffoon he appeared to be. There were layers in him, and of course there had to be for such a successful businessman. â€Å"And speaking of languages, ho bisogno di vino, something to wet my throat. I brought something from my own cellar, a fantastic amontillado. Care to join me?† â€Å"I really could drain a good Sutherland dry just about now,† Damon said gamely, clapping me on the shoulder like our future father-in-law did. I slumped in despair. When we’d first become vampires, I’d wanted nothing more than to spend eternity with my brother. But now I couldn’t wait to be rid of him. How to cite Stefan’s Diaries: The Craving Chapter 14, Essay examples

Sex and Violence in the God of Small Things Essay free essay sample

Violence in â€Å"The God of Small Things† â€Å"The God of Small Things† by Arundhati Roy, a novel taking place in India, is a story which revolves around the death of a young girl, Sophie Mol. The author wrote this based on the problems happening in India. Sex, and violence, two contrasting ideas, though they are the main themes throughout the novel. Beautiful yet appalling, such as; the molestation of a child, tragic affair, sexual trade, and incest. In the novel, the family was going out to the theatre to watch The Sound of Music, being a child and enjoying the Musical so he sung along. Estha was told to be quiet, but he didn’t, so Ammu sent him out of the theatre, and told him to continue singing out in the cinema foyer. Estha went out and continued to sing the songs from the movie, by himself. He woke up the Orangedrink Lemondrink man, who was behind the counter sleeping. We will write a custom essay sample on Sex and Violence in the God of Small Things Essay or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Soon, after the Man asked Estha to come to him, so Estha approached him. They had a chat, and he offered Estha a free drink, though Estha had to do something for him in return. It says on page 103, â€Å"â€Å"Now if you’ll kindly hold this for me,† the Orangedrink Lemondrink Man said, handing Estha his penis through his soft white muslin dhoti, â€Å"I’ll get you your drink. Orange? Lemon? †Ã¢â‚¬  (103) We later find out that Velutha and Ammu has an affair. Though their affair was amazing, Velutha’s life ended with a catastrophic death. He was beaten up to death for having to confess about killing Sophie Mol, although, she drowned in the river, by accident. It wasn’t even Velutha’s fault. In the novel, we then find out the reason why Ammu has left her husband. Her husband was an alcoholic, â€Å"Her husband turned out to be not just a heavy drinker but a full-blown alcoholic with all an alcoholic’s deviousness and tragic charm. †(40) Through this quote, Roy uses strong adjectives like â€Å"an alcoholic’s deviousness† and â€Å"tragic charm†. She also uses rich languange, such as a metaphor; â€Å"not just a heavy drinker but a full blown alcoholic†, which helps the reader to understand how much of an alcoholic Baba actually is. When Baba is on the edge of losing his job, his boss decided that if Baba were to want to keep his job, he would have to let his boss sleep with his wife, Ammu. Without thinking, he agreed to his boss, and later on told Ammu about the deal. Ammu, burst into anger, took the heaviest book that she could find, and threw it at her husband. â€Å"Ammu took down the heaviest book she could find in the bookshelf† (42) Ammu could have just thrown a book, but showing how angry she was she took the â€Å"heaviest† and â€Å"threw† the book at her husband. Because of Baba’s boss, Ammu and Baba separated, though this must not have been the main reason. Though, this drove Ammu to the edge, until it made her want to run away. Towards the end of the book, it is revealed that Rahel and Estha make love, though their incest is outrageous, Roy, portrays that the act of lovemaking is beautiful throughout the novel. She makes it more eccentric by making the Twins, Estha and Rahel, do it. They are doing so out of â€Å"hideous grief†. It’s as though in order to overcome all their disgraceful acts, they feel as if they would need to do something equally as appaling.

Chicago the Jazz Era of the Blazing Gun

Because of the way he renders the reader’s heartstrings, Simon Baatz is now one of those people whose opinion is listened to and appreciated. Making a good use of it, the writer speaks of the most important events that have changed people’s attitude towards the world and the way the world spins.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Chicago: the Jazz Era of the Blazing Gun specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Baatz’s novel For the Thrill of It: : Leopold, Loeb and the Murder That Shocked Jazz Age Chicago has made every single man who read it consider the bygone epoch from the angle that no one ever has before. It is truly amazing, since the author, in fact, a physicist who decided to become a historian, has incorporated both the thrilling story and the scent of the epoch in his stunning novel. In spite of the fact that the book is referred to the class of the typical who-done-it story, a detective nove l, the genre of the book is not that easy to define. Most literature critics consider the book a novel, though it combines the features of several genres, including fiction, psychology and detective. This is, probably, the idea of the twenty-first century that the book was written in to mix the genres into an eye-splitting blaze that cuts deep and hard. A question of why is always the hardest one, but still it will be nice to sound it. Why did Simon Baatz write this novel? What made him to think of the events of the early 20ies? Did he do it just for the thrill of it? The answer is short and persuasive. As time passes, things change, but people do not. Some eighty years after the tragic event, people still go on making crimes that shock with the brutality and violence – and, which is even more terrifying, with their senselessness. So this is probably the author to ask the readers why – why nothing has changed. The spirit of the epoch that the murder was committed in wa s raving and mad, the city shot through with privilege and dirt. This was both grand and pathetic. The paradox was to be fixed, at least in the book. And the postwar shifts in the society were to be marked somehow (Lesy 2007). Although Friedman considers the murder of a child or a woman as the action that is based on the idea of a man’s superiority twisted in one’s unhealthy mid (Friedman 1993, 215), it is still well understood that the bad family background is not the sufficient justification for the terrible crime.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Though the court decision was not influenced by the inflamed speech of the barrister, the very fact that the two criminals had the chance to escape the death penalty was a fact to ponder. The injustice of what had happened struck the author and led him to writing the book. Hixson suggests another viewpoint, which emphasizes the influence of the epoch on the overall mood. He makes it clear that but for the idea of inner freedom far beyond any possible limit is the factor that led the two criminals to commit the murder. Referring to the â€Å"manipulation of evidence† (Hixson 2001, 266), he assumes that those to blame are the people who were conducting the case and the legal system of the early 20ies, which nearly helped the criminals to escape their punishment. Despite the shame that such case was impaled with, nothing could be done about it, since the society was not ready to admit that in terms of the cruelty and the violence reigning around, the reality had surpassed any fiction. The jazz era was the ear of walking on the edge and acting under the spur of the moment – just for the thrill of it. After all, is it true that â€Å"the act of crime is always accompanied by illness† (Baatz 2009, 4). However hard it is to judge now whether it was the influence of the jazz era, or the bad fa mily background of Leonard and Loeb, or anything else, it seems that a murder without a reason is the fact that there is something wrong not only with the culprits, but also with the society they live in. And the latter is the first not to be blamed, but to think hard why people act that way. Why killing helpless victims? For the sake of what cruel goddess do they do that? Perhaps, just for the thrill of it. References Baatz, Simon. For the Thrill of It: Leopold, Loeb and the Murder That Shocked  Jazz Age Chicago. New York: Harper Collins, 2009. Print. Friedman, Lawrence M. Crime and Punishment in the American History. New York: Vintage Books, 1993. Print.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Chicago: the Jazz Era of the Blazing Gun specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Hixson, Walter L. Murder, Culture and Injustice: Four Sensational Cases in  American History. Ohio: University of Akron Press. 2001. Print. Lesy, Mich ael. Murder City: the Bloody History of Chicago in the Twenties. New York: Norton and Co., 2007. Print. This essay on Chicago: the Jazz Era of the Blazing Gun was written and submitted by user Jaycob Paul to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

The Color Purple essays

The Color Purple essays Celie and Nettie both went through hard times although there was an array of differences between the two. They both came out stronger and more aware of the oppression that women of that generation had to face. They were Eventually able to break away from the vicious cycle of man dominating over woman and keeping her below himself and insinuating that they were the Weaker sex. Celie and Nettie both were embarked on a spiritual journey, but both were so different in multiple ways. Celie's journey was filled with constant pain, suffering, loss, anger, and oppression. Nettie also had a hard life, too, but hers was made much easier because of Celie. She kept Nettie out of harms way ...for example, on page eight, Celie begins her journal entry by writing, I ast him to take me instead of Netter while our new mammy was sick...I duck into my room and come out wearing horsehair, feathers, and a pair of our new mammy high heel shoes...he beat me for dressing trampy but do it to me anyway. Both there journeys helped them find their gender in a different light, and also find there own strength away from men. Celias journey began when she was very young. Her father raped her constantly when her mother couldnt have sex with him (she was sick from having to many children and was crazy before that) and Celie became pregnant twice (one when her mother was still alive and one after her mothers death) Both times he got rid of the babes that Celie had. After a few years (and when he got tried of Celie) he got sold off to an abusive man with little hellants for children. She barely had any joy in her life other than from seeing Nettie. She was only being beaten, neglected, and billeted. Nettie on the other hand, she never was raped by their father, didnt have to marry Mr._______ like he originally requested. She was spared by burden by Celie. She e ...

The Affects of the Universal Commercial Code Research Paper

The Affects of the Universal Commercial Code - Research Paper Example In early 1950s, business transactions were handled differently and ineffective across United States. The purchase and sale of goods among various states drew confusion when legal matters regarding business arose. And, therefore, there was a need to get a policy to streamline interstate business issues. Adoption of the code as remained free of choice among states and each state has the option of adopting or rejecting this law (Liuzzo, 2010). That is, only if the state government adopts the UCC that the law becomes the state’s statutory laws. Note that, the state legislature may rewrite part of the law or adopt it as originally edited. (Miller, n.d.). The Uniform Commercial Code (UCC) is arguably the most significant development of the American Law, which offers comprehensive ways of addressing issues of commercial business. The drafts and text of the code are written by commercial law experts and submitted to the Uniform Law commissioners in collaboration with American Law institute for approval. The approving team is comprised of Attorneys qualified to Practice law, federal and state judges, and university Law professors across the United States. They then, meet and decide whether to endorse the drafts or forward them back to experts for more revision. More often such revisions create many drafts but one has to be adopted, and the agents recommend that the states adopt it. The system was developed to address two central issues. First was to harmonize varied approaches by state laws that made interstate business transactions difficulty. Secondly was to improve the management of legal and contractual requirements of operating business. The code has nine articles, each with provisions that relate to the particular area of commercial law and therefore, the conduct of business in different states needed to comply with the UCC

Advertising to Children Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 9500 words

Advertising to Children - Coursework Example I would like to thank my interviewees for giving up their valuable time to speak to me during their hectic schedules. I also appreciate all the support and guidance offered by my tutor and lecturers. This help has been invaluable to me. My dissertation aims to explore the current problems pertaining to marketing trends involved with advertising aimed at the young audiences and small children. It is reported that Food companies alone spend a whooping $10 billion annually on advertising aimed at young children and this is alleged to have caused the American children to consume almost a third of their daily calories from junk food. The problem of advertising to children is not just restricted to television advertising but extends to the increased use of Internet games, product placements, character licensing and an increased use of word of mouth campaigns to increase sales of products to the young consumer base.The Food,Toy and gadget industry is adamant to defend itself upon any accusation of irresponsible advertising to little children with the likes of themes like parental responsibility and First Amendment rights. The Paper discusses whether or not it is the sole responsibility of these corporate giants to act agai nst self-interest or that the Government should regulate such advertising more seriously. The Dissertation aims to balance these villainous notions of the modern advertisers which have been assigned to modern marketers and whether it is time parents took responsibility for their own actions rather than laying the blame on advertising. Essentially the aim is to question the models of childhood which the are assumed in this debate by policy makers and marketers alike in order to explore the way forward for regulation and the burden of responsibility to the advertisers or the parents. I would like to clarify at the outset that my methodology in this dissertation is largely based on a literature review of contemporary sociological perspectives on childhood and the debates that have because a part of the controversy of advertising to children. The methodology then analyses a two interviews to reconcile the findings of the literature review. The Dissertation restricts itself to the UK discourse on children and advertising and is aimed at contributing to a greater understanding the debate and policy on advertising and children, and to encourage the further practical research in this area armed with these new perspectives. Thus this paper is an exploration into the empirical and polemical literature yet it neutrally considers both sides of the argument and ontology of advertising to children. Tongue-in-cheek social skeptics have often subscribed to the term "adults-in-waiting" or "pre-adults" when describing the modern technologically aware child (James et al., 1998). At the same time the modern marketer knows that the modern child in "independent" and a potential customer which means that certain strategies will be built by marketers and marketing researchers to capture and compete on capturing this segment of the consumer base.(Kline, 1993).The modern marketer thus knows that small children in particular form their future preferences in their early formative stages but the older they grow the more difficult they are to convince.(Lowden, 1999). There are so many industries depending on their bread and butter for effectively capturing the children's consumer base and therefore whether its Mc Donalds or Toys r' Us ,KFC or Disney Land. These exclusively child-oriented industries have come under recent fire from media, sociologists and the political community alike and a heated debate as to their ethical premise has followed which has raised an outcry

The Self Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Self Paper - Essay Example These may be positive or negative. For example, a girl who believes that she is fat may avoid the reassurances for her friends, which suggest otherwise. However, a student who believes that he is smart may continue to believe the same after looking his transcript, which shows a C grade. Rogers labeled this difference between reality and self-concept as â€Å"incongruence†. Important here to note is that everybody has some degree of incongruence but what really matters is â€Å"how much† (Weiten, 2008). Rogers also believed that the congruence or incongruence has a direct linkage with the childhood experiences of the person. Quite understandably, people and especially children are hungry for love, attention, and affection. During their childhood, parents and guardians are responsible for the same (Weiten, 2008). Rogers argue that parents that provide unconditional love to their children are at the same time fostering congruence; however, parents that make their love cond itional, find great disparities between the self-concept and actual experiences of their children, in other words fostering incongruence. This is true because when the love of the parents appears to be conditional for the children, they are more likely to block unfavorable experiences so that they could reassure themselves that they are worthy of love. On the other hand, children getting unconditional love would develop a sense of security and confidence in them, which would them to face the experiences and their reality in a better way (Baumeister, 1999). Development of the concept of self has two important aspects. First is the existential self which refers to â€Å"the most basic part of the self-scheme or self-concept; the sense of being separate and distinct from others and the awareness of the constancy of the self† (Baumeister, 1999; (Weiten, 2008). During his early days, a young child realizes that he exists as a separate entity in time and space like everything else does. When he feels the touch of someone else or sees objecting moving due to his force, this is when he gains an understanding of his own existence, which is different from that of others. Second aspect of self is the categorical self, which develops when the child grasps an understanding of the fact that he or she is not a separate entity but at the time is an object like many other objects present in the surrounding. This allows the child to realize that like other objects he or she also has certain properties and characteristics that define him and are an important part or his or her existence. â€Å"I am tall†, â€Å"I am a girl†, â€Å"I am 3† and others. With the passage of time, these characteristics and properties which people apply to themselves become more complex and internal concerning psychological traits, comparative evaluations and others (Weiten, 2008). The relationship between self and emotions is an important one, which also leads to the under standing of self-esteem. Emotions refer to the experiences of an individual’s state of mind and how an individual thinks or feels goes on to determines his self worth or self-esteem (Powell, 2005). Self Esteem refers to the extent to which one values him or herself, the perceived worth and the degree to which he or she approves or accepts his or her existence. Higher self-esteem would refer to a positive view of self which would ultimately lead to optimism, confidence,

The Concrete And Fibre Reinforcement Construction Essay

The Concrete And Fibre Reinforcement Construction Essay CHAPTER 1 Within the following dissertation I aim to study the use of Fibre Reinforced Concrete within the construction industry. Over the last decade, fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) has become widely used in different structural and non-structural applications such as pavements, floors, overlays, industrial slabs and shotcrete linings etc where the major concern is toughness and first crack in flexure. It is estimated that more than 150 000 metric tonnes of FRC has been used throughout this duration of time. Particular focus will be made as to FRC within the construction industry whilst trying to identify what the future hold for this composite material. The question will be posed at to what the general consensus is within the construction industry in regard to the use of fibre reinforcement within concrete. 1.2 Concrete and Fibre Reinforcement Concrete is a material that is very strong in compression although is comparatively weak in tension. To compensate for this imbalance in the concretes behavior, an appropriate reinforcement must be cast into the concrete to help carry the tensile loads. Two forms of reinforcement commonly used are Steel Fabric (Rebar) reinforcement and Fibre reinforcement. Steel Fabric Rebar/Mesh has been used for many years in the construction industry to reinforce concrete and is usually made of carbon steel which is incorporated with ridges to help provide a better bond and adhesion to the concrete. As the rate that both steel and concrete expand and contract is the same this assists in eliminating any possible issues relating to any early signs of cracking within the concrete which could occur if the materials expanded and contracted contradictory to each other. This will assist in enhancing the overall strengthening of the structure. Rebar comes in various lengths and thicknesses to accommodate different types and sizes of jobs. These bars can be tied together to form a grid or cage, this is extremely effective for larger projects or alternatively mesh can be delivered in a variety of standard sheet sizes to site. An exciting alternative product to the above which could be used would be that of fibre reinforcement. The idea of using a fibrous material to provide tensile strength to a material strong in compression but brittle loses itself in the mists of time; in ancient Egypt straw was added to clay mixtures in order to provide brick with enhanced flexural resistance, thus providing better handling properties after the brick had dried in the sun. Fibre reinforced concrete is a composite material which entails a cementitious hydrated paste which is mixed with small reinforced filaments for instance glass, steel, polymer or carbon fibres which come in various shapes and sizes. The multiple fibres restructure the energy within the concrete, preventing the procedure of formation and extension of cracks. This helps to increase the ductility within the concrete whilst sustaining the residual capability during the post cracking period The fibres within the concrete literally bond the sides of a forming crack together at the same time as preventing any visual damage from becoming apparent Although FRC is an application that has been used extensively throughout Western Europe and beyond, its use within the UK has been somewhat restricted to the purpose of reinforcement within industrial floors as its main application. The absence of a recognizably accepted design standard may have an influence on the situation although calls are currently being made for clear industrial guidelines to be certified. The Concrete Society Technical Report 63 concentrates on any problematic issues and provides guidance for current and future design. All information and design aspects associated with fibre reinforcement are incorporated within the British Standard Institution. BS EN 14889, Fibres for concrete Part 1: Steel Fibres Definition, specifications and conformity. Part 2: Polymer Fibres Definition, specifications and conformity. 1.3 Aim The main aim of the following theses is to investigate and evaluate the various properties and functions of Fibre Reinforced Concrete (FRC) throughout the construction industry whilst giving consideration as to what lies ahead for the future of FRC. 1.4 Objectives To provide a historic overview of Concrete and Fibre Reinforcement. To identify and analyze the various types of fibre products available for concrete reinforcement. To establish possible concrete mix performance enhancements associated with FRC. To explore the Construction Management criteria within the industry in relation to the use of FRC. To highlight the future possibilities and potential that FRC has within the construction industry whilst seeking the views and opinions of various construction professionals. 1.5 Rationale for Research There are three main reasons why this particular topic has been chosen for this theses along with the required research which has been carried out, these are: A personal interest in the material of concrete along with its various functions and applications due to work experience gained in this field. An interest in new innovations being made available to the construction market which will enhance the overall application of the material. An aspiration to investigate whilst enhancing my current knowledge on the theory of FRC 1.6 Methodology Due to the nature of the topic to meet the aims and objectives previously set out for this thesis and to establish the direction for this piece of work information has been obtained from the following sources. Primary Literature Academic Research Journals (Refereed) Conferences / Seminars (Referred) Government Publications Technical Report Papers Secondary Literature Construction Journals Construction Textbooks Library Search Indexes and Abstracts Internet / World Wide Web Library Catalogue Case Study A case study of fibre reinforcement with regard to Construction Management criteria will also be analyzed via various site visits prior and during any works being carried out. This will provide a valuable insight as to how this product is perceived whilst strengthening the case for use in the future. Questionnaire Questionnaires will also be distributed to various Professional bodies influenced by the use of FRC within the construction industry. The methodology adopted is fully discussed afterwards in Chapter 4 along with the analysis of the research findings in Chapter 5. 1.7 Chapter Overview Chapter 1: Introduction Provide a brief introduction into the areas of study which has been identified by the author whilst outlining the main aims and objectives to be achieved in order to fulfill the research criteria. Chapter 2: Background for Study (Literature Search) A review of the relevant theory and recent / current publications associated with Fibre Reinforced Concrete will be used to obtain the necessary information required to establish the Aim and Objectives which have been prepared by the author. Chapter 3: Case Study On site Case Study (tbc) Chapter 4: Methodology An evaluation of the types of research and methodology methods carried out in order to achieve the aims and objectives previously stated. This will describe how and why the chosen research methods had been adopted. Chapter 5: Data Interpretation and Analysis This will consist of an analysis of the data and information generated from the questionnaire returns using relevant diagrams, tables and text to illustrate all findings. Chapter 6: Conclusions and Recommendations All findings from the research process will be compiled and it will be observed as to whether the main outlined objectives have been realized. Recommendations will also be given on areas of further research to enhance the material within the theses. CHAPTER 2 A REVIEW OF FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE 2.1 History of Concrete and Fibre Reinforcement. The history of composite materials started in ancient Egypt over 2000 years ago with mud bricks, reinforced with straw fibres. (Crowther, 2009) Concrete is the second most widely used material on earth after water (The Economist, 2006) Concrete is a building material composed of cement, aggregate sand and water, often with chemical admixtures and other materials (Stanley Bond, 1999). Its modern development spans less than 200 years with 1824 being the patent date associated with the first Portland cement, according to Binns (2002), which is one of the most important milestones in concretes history. Concrete is an ever present material and its versatility, comparative cheapness and energy efficiency have ensured that it is of great and increasing importance for all types of construction throughout the world. Many structures have concrete as their principal material, albeit as a composite with steel to give either reinforced or prestressed concrete, even in those structures where other materials such as steel or timber form the principal structural elements, concrete will normally still have an important role, for example in the foundations. In its simplest form, concrete is a mixture of cement, water and aggregates in which the cement and water have combined to bind the aggregate particles together to form a monolithic whole. (Illston Domone, 2001) (Sutherland, 2009) explains that even though our knowledge and understanding of the material is far from complete, and research continues, concrete has been successfully used in many cultures and in many civilisations. It is not just a modern material; the oldest concrete discovered so far is in southern Israel, and dates from about 7000 BC. It was used for flooring, and consists of quicklime, made by burning limestone, mixed with water and stone which set into a hardened material. Fibres mixed into the concrete can provide an alternative to the provision of conventional rebar or steel fabric mesh in some applications. The concept has been in existence for many years (the first patent was applied for in 1874) and it has been used in a range of applications: amongst the first major uses was the patching of bomb craters in runways during World War 2. However, it was during the 1970s that commercial use of this material began to gather momentum particularly in Europe, Japan and throughout America. (Clark, 2007) Crowther (2009) reiterates that throughout the 1960s research by various scientists which included Romauldi and Mandel who were industrial scientists, In the 1960s, studies by Industrial scientists Romauldi, Mandel and others, created the hypothetical and experimental foundations to help realise the development of a steel fibre product which could be used to as a means of reinforcing and strengthening concrete. In the early 1970s, James Romauldi who was initially involved in establishing the creation of the steel fibre patented the philosophy of steel fibre reinforced concrete, essentially inventing a new material for use within the construction industry. Throughout the 20th century the appliance of asbestos fibre cement was extremely common and extensively utilised whilst more recently it has continued with the use of highly developed carbon fibre substances which have previously been more associated within the specialised aerospace and automotive industries. Glass fibres were introduced and research continued into harnessing the properties of synthetic fibres such as polypropylene along with various other plastic materials. By 2000, the first macro fibre, concrete was ready for production from various suppliers. (Tarmac, 2009) Fibre reinforced concrete is employed around the world on major construction projects which involve infrastructure works, tunnel linings, marine environments, pre cast and insitu walling systems, low shrinkage thin screeds, sprayed concrete applications and significant reinforcement structures. Throughout the UK, its general application is in the use of large industrial concrete floors. Characteristics which are extremely beneficial following the installation of the floors is the improved in impact resistance, this helps minimise any possible unnecessary damage where high volumes of belligerent traffic is expected. The table below Figure 2 clearly shows how concrete is affected by the addition of fibres in various application fields: Table 1 Concrete improvement by fibres Application field Strength Cracking Wear Closure systems  Ã‚  Tunnels  Ã‚   Ã‚  Sole plates / cellar walls  Ã‚   Ã‚  Sewer systems / pipes  Ã‚   Ã‚  Precast elements  Ã‚   Ã‚  Toppings / wear layers  Ã‚   Ã‚  Roads / airfield paving  Ã‚   Ã‚  Industrial floors  Ã‚   Ã‚   Ã‚  Figure 1 2.2 Types of Fibre Products used For Concrete Reinforcement Although there are numerous fibre products on the market the most commonly used fibre types are shown and discussed below giving information on the producer of the fibre, its properties, fibre content in appliance along with the effects of the fibre type within the concrete matrix. 2.2.1 Steel Fibres Concrete containing steel fibres has been shown to have substantially improved resistance to impact and greater ductility of failure in compression, flexure and torsion. (ACI Special publication sp-44) (Bentur Mindess, 1990) claim that it was throughout the early 1900s that steel fibres were first introduced into being mixed with concrete to provide the required reinforcement. The early design of steel fibres was relatively simple and consisted of a rather plain round and smooth design which was cut to the necessary lengths. Only more recently has the introduction of hooked end, indented etched roughened surface, crimped and new polygonal twisted modern fibres have been introduced whilst the original smooth fibres have mainly disappeared. More up to date fibres which are available commercially are contrived from drawn stainless steel wire or by a melting and moulding process which produce fibres which have a crescent profile cross section. (Concrete Society TR 63, (2007)) points out that steel fibres are produced by various processes as discussed above and are supplied in many different shapes and sizes as is shown below in Figure 2. They may either be straight or deformed, however most are round in cross section with diameters between 25 and 60 mm. Steel fibres have a tensile strength typically 2-3 times greater than that of traditional fabric reinforcement and a significantly greater surface area (for a given mass of steel) to develop bond with the concrete matrix. Figure 2 (Neville, 1995) points out that the configurations of fibres can be either straight, continuous-deformed, or end formed as shown previous. Initially, straight fibers were the only configuration of steel fibers available. After further investigation it was quickly learned that there bonding potential was limited which restricted there expected contribution to the engineering properties of concrete. New products were developed to increase the bond between the fibre and concrete, the two best configurations which emerged were: A hooked end, draw wire fibre and a continuously deformed, slit sheet steel fibre. It was determined that the continuous deformed, slit sheet steel fibre provided better micro macro cracking performance as well as flexural strength enhancement, whereas the end deformed, drawn wire steel fibre performed best post first crack. As a feature of steel fibre reinforcement concrete its improved ductility helps to greatly enhance the application where impact resistance is important. The characteristic of fatigue resistance within the concrete is highlighted a being increased by up to 70%. (Clark, 2007) explains that the addition of steel fibres as supplementary reinforcement in concrete minimise the possibility of spalling of the concrete surface due to any inclement temperatures or weather conditions Some of the physical characteristics of fibres directly affect key aspects of concrete performance while others are less important. The factors considered to have the strongest influence on the performance of the steel fibre in concrete are: Bond and Anchorage mechanisms (e.g. straight or deformed shape, end cones or hooked ends) Fibre length and diameter. Dosage used in concrete pours. (kg/m3) Fibre count (number of fibres per kg of fibre), which is a function of fibre size and dosage. Tensile Strength Elastic Modulus (Hannant, D 2002) outlines that fibre reinforcement in concrete act in various ways. Firstly they can remove the formation and development of cracks due to early age plastic settlement and drying shrinkage. Secondly, they may provide a degree of post cracking load carrying capacity. The mechanisms are as follows: Steel fibres, being randomly distributed in the concrete, intercept micro cracks as they form, inhibiting the tendency for them to form into larger cracks. After cracking, the fibres spanning the crack will provide a residual load carrying capacity. The capacity can be considerable, depending on dosage and the type of fibre used. Following a shrinkage case study carried out by Propex concrete systems the photos below evaluate the initial 24 hours of curing time comparing a traditional reinforced slab with wire mesh against a fibre reinforced slab. The traditional (control) slab started to crack within 3 hours whilst the fibre reinforced slab continued to perform whilst maintaining its integrity, this is shown below in Figure 3. Cracks within the concrete which occur at an early stage will only endanger the reliability whilst preventing the concrete from ever attaining its maximum performance capability. Figure 3 The explanation for this early age damage to the slab is relatively simple traditional mesh refrains from functioning until there is movement within the slab and the concrete cracks, for there to be any possibility of the fibre mesh to work the slab would have to be designed ensuring that the mesh had been placed In the top third of the slab. As has been previously mentioned there are various shapes and sizes of steel fibres which are used two examples which are used within the construction of industrial floors are shown below in Figures 4 and 5. Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 4 shows four different shapes and sizes of fibre products which include smooth surface, indented etched, roughened surface and round with hooked ends which are the most commonly products used in regards to steel fabric reinforcement. Whereas Figure 5 gives a more in-depth description on the bundled hooked end product. 2.2.2 Synthetic Fibres Straight or deformed pieces of extruded, orientated and cut polymer material, generally polypropylene, that is suitable for mixing in concrete. Macro fibres have a diameter greater than 0.3mm; micro fibres have a smaller diameter (ACIFC, 2007) (Concrete Societys TR66, 2007) considers that polymer fibres can be described and categorised into the following: Macro synthetic fibres which are generally greater than 0.3mm in diameter and are used where an increase in post cracking flexural strength is required. Macro synthetic fibres can be incorporated within the design of structural concrete. Micro Synthetic Fibres are relatively similar to the previously mention Macro synthetic fibres although they are smaller in size along with the inability to fulfil any structural role within any concrete design. Characteristics of this type of fibre include the ability to reduce the instance of plastic shrinkage cracking along with acting as an enhancement for freeze thaw resistance. References: Illston, J.M. and Domone, P.L.J. (2001) Construction Materials There Nature and Behavior 3rd Edition. P91. Spon Press. Sutherland, M. (2009) Concrete Engineering International Volume 13 Number 2. Summer 2009. The Concrete Society Romtech. (2009) Technical Support Products accessed 30th October at http://www.rom.co.uk/products.aspx Crowther, D. (2009) Concrete for the Construction Industry Journal Volume 43 Number 3 April 2009. The Concrete Society. Clark, J. (2007) Technical Report No. 63 Guidance for The Design of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete. Camberley Hannant, D, Fibres in concrete A Perspective. Concrete, Vol. 36, No 8, September 2002, pp 40 43. Tarmac. (2009) Topforce Fibre Reinforced Concrete accessed 12 November at www.tarmaconline.com//0982%20Tarmac%20Fibre%20Reinforced%20Concrete%20Brochure.pdf. Propex. (2006) Propex Concrete Systems accessed 13 November at www.CS-500_Propex%20Concrete%20Systems%20Brochure_Jul%2006 (1).Pdf. Anon., (2006). Concrete Possibilities. Economist Technology Monthly. The Economist, 380 (23 September), p32. Anon., (1972). American Concrete Institute, an International Symposium: Fibre Reinforced Concrete, Detroit: ACI, 1974. (ACI Special Publication SP-44)

How To Upgrade You Computers Memory Essay -- Process Essays

How to Upgrade Your PC's Memory A memory upgrade is the easiest and most cost-effective upgrade that you can make to increase the performance of your personal computer (PC). The RAM, or random access memory, temporarily holds data and instructions as the central processing unit (CPU) processes them. As you increase your PC's RAM, its performance will be faster, and it will have fewer program or system crashes. When you purchase a PC, it usually will not come with the maximum amount of RAM possible, leaving you room to upgrade the amount. The process of adding additional RAM memory modules is relatively easy to do yourself if you have a basic understanding of how to operate a computer and how to operate Windows XP. Because Windows XP is the most commonly used Operating System, it is assumed that it is installed on your computer. If you are unsure of your skills, consult a PC Technician for the installation. It is possible to damage a PC while installing new components. The first step that you should take is to determine how much RAM that is currently installed in your PC. First, click on the Start button. Next, you should right-click on My Computer. On the Shortcut menu, select Properties. Finally, click on the General tab. This will display the version of Windows that the PC is running, the PC's processor type, and the amount of RAM that is installed. The second step is to check your PC's documentation or the manufacturer's website to gather important information. This is a very important step because not all memory modules work in all PC's. There are different types. You should find out the type, speed, and category of RAM that can be installed, the maximum amount of RAM that your PC can handle, and where the memory modules... ...ct slots in the correct position. When you have the module lined up, insert it into the slot. Gently push straight down with firm force. The module will lock in, and the supporting arms on the slot will lock into place. If the module is not going in properly, do not force it. Instead, remove it and try again. For the final step, replace the side panel and screws. Reconnect the monitor, keyboard, mouse, and any other cables that you disconnected earlier. Then reconnect the power cord to the PC and plug it in an outlet. Turn on your PC. When the computer powers up, it will automatically count the memory present and show it onscreen. Check that the number is correct. You can also repeat step one to confirm that that correct amount of memory is installed. If the number is correct, and you receive no error messages, you have successfully upgraded your computers' memory!

Characterization of Having Anorexia Nervosa

Anorexia nervosa is a psycho logic illness that is characterized by marked weight loss, an intense fear of gaining weight, a distorted body image, and amenorrhea (Johnson 1996). It primarily affects adolescent girls and occurs in approximately 0.2 to 1.3 percent of the general population (Johnson 1996). There are numerous complications of anorexia nervosa, involving nearly every organ system, however most complications may be reversed when a healthy nutritional state is restored (Johnson 1996). Treatment involves nutritional and psychological rehabilitation, and may be administered on an inpatient or outpatient basis (Johnson 1996). By the age of eighteen, more than 50 percent of females perceive themselves as too fat, despite having a normal weight, therefore it is not surprising that the prevalence and incidence rates of anorexia nervosa (and bulimia) tend to be higher in certain populations, such as college sororities (Johnson 1996). In this type of environment, there is a high priority placed on thinness and dieting is a common practice (Johnson 1996). This condition generally begins in adolescence to early adulthood, with onset at a mean of 17 years of age, however it has been reported in grade-school children and middle-aged persons (Johnson 1996). Anorexia nervosa seldom occurs in developing countries, and is most common in industrialized societies, such as Great Britain, Sweden, Canada, and the United States, where food is easily obtained and a high priority is placed on slenderness (Johnson 1996). Patients with anorexia maintain a body weight less than 85 percent of normal either through weight loss or by refusal to make expected weight gains during times of normal growth (Johnson 1996). Criteria for anorexia nervosa as defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, DSM-IV include: A.Refusal to maintain body weight at or above a minimally normal weight for age and height. B.Intense fear of gaining weight or becoming fat. C.Disturbance in the way in which one' body weight or shape is experienced, undue influence of body weight or shape on self-evaluation, or denial of the seriousness of the current low body weight. D.In postmenarcheal females, amenorrhea, i.e., the absence of at least three consecutive menstrual cycles A woman is considered to have amenorrhea if her periods occur only following hormone, e.g., estrogen, administration (Johnson 1996). During the current episode of anorexia nervosa, the individual has regularly engaged in binge-eating or purging behavior, i.e., self-induced vomiting or the misuse of laxatives, diuretics or enemas (Johnson 1996). Individuals with anorexia nervosa have a disturbed perception of their own weight and body- shape (Johnson 1996). Some individuals perceive themselves as overweight even though they are emaciated, while other perceive only certain parts of their body as fat (Johnson 1996). Although anorexia nervosa typically develops during adolescence, late-onset disease may emerge in adulthood after successful pregnancies and child rearing (Tinker 1989). When a patient's weight falls below 70 percent of ideal body weight, hospitalization and use of a nasogastric tube and hyperalimentation may be necessary (Tinker 1989). Many adults who have anorexia nervosa resist an impatient psychiatric admission, however they can be managed on an outpatient basis by a team consisting of the family physician, a psychotherapist and a nutritionist (Tinker 1989). With careful attention to fundamental concepts of care, interventional skills and positive attitudes toward patient care and recovery, most patients with eating disorders can be expected to do well, however the expectation that every patient will develop entirely ‘normal' behaviors and interpersonal relationships may be unrealistic (Tinker 1989). Julie K. O'Toole, M.D. reported to a conference sponsored by the North Pacific Pediatric Society, that despite common perceptions among medical professionals and the general public, anorexia nervosa is not a psychosocial disease, but is a brain disorder and should be seen as such (Finn 2005). O'Toole claims she has treated children who were home-schooled on farms with no television and no access to fashion magazines, however she does admit that the images of thinness in the media do make it more difficult to achieve remission (Finn 2005). Moreover, several formal epidemiologic studies have failed to find any link between anorexia and social class, and that the disease has been seen in non-Westernized Arabic girls, as well as Asians (Finn 2005). Thus, according to O'Toole, by rejecting the purely psychoanalytic paradigm allows the patient to receive the same compassion and understanding as do victims of other medical diseases (Finn 2005). The most common physical examination findings are lanugo, bradycardia, and hypotension, osteopenia and osteoporosis (Harris 1991). Medical complications include pain and retarded emptying of the stomach, excessively dry skin, intolerance to cold weather, constipation, and edema (Harris 1991). Other complications include decreases in heart size and the development of abnormal blood flow dynamics through the heart chambers and valves (Harris 1991). Laboratory abnormalities can include anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, and disturbances of thyroid function (Harris 1991). Some studies have found that undernourishment may result in a significant stunting of growth in male adolescents, but has only a marginal effect in female adolescents (Stein 2003). Other investigators note advanced skeletal maturation during growth retardation, resulting in permanent foreshortening, in a female patient but not in male patients (Stein 2003). A recent study found that anorexia nervosa patients who were discharged while underweight had a worse outcome and higher rate of re-hospitalization than those who had achieved a stable weight (Maloney 1997). A weekly joint care conference on the medical ward is critical for successful management, and for outpatient treatment, the clinician sets the target weight as that weight necessary to regain menses and stop bone demineralization (Maloney 1997).

Police Profiling Theory essays

Police Profiling Theory essays In theory there is a rational difference between police profiling' and racial discrimination'. However, in actuality this distinction is open to suspicion of racial and other biases towards minorities and marginalized communities and cultures. The profiler is often seen as a discriminator who tags' and targets certain groups or ethnic and racial groupings with pre- determined ideas about their qualities and attributes. It is the significance of the creation of pre-determined views that creates the There is no doubt that the essential basis of all prejudice is pre- determined thought and actions. By having pre-determined ideas about a class or group of people one is automatically and by definition prejudiced towards that group or racial class. This is the basis of the negative response that has emerged in recent years to the practice of police profiling. Profiling is seen in practice as another form of discrimination, marginalization and prejudice. On the other hand, the authorities claim that profiling is not intended to be prejudicial but is rather a practical and important part of police work and an attempt to reduce crime. It is in essence a tool that allows the police to isolate criminals in a rapid and effective way. The practice of police profiling has a contentious and criticism-filled history that persists to the present day. Profiling, as part of the history of racial and minority discrimination, has a long history in America. Many scholars point out that in fact profiling, as a form prejudice and discrimination, started long before the present debate on police profiling. The interactive relationship between race, space, and policing has been of social and political significance since the earliest days of American history. Monitoring the mov...

Aunt Connie Cookie Simulation Essay Example

Aunt Connie Cookie Simulation Essay Example Aunt Connie Cookie Simulation Paper Aunt Connie Cookie Simulation Paper In 1986, Aunt Connie was asked to make some cookies for an annual fundraiser. They were willing to pay $50 for 500 cookies instead Aunt Connie offered them 600 cookies for $55. She realized she would be spending $35 on ingredients for making 600 cookies and for 300 cookies it would cost her $10 to bake so it would be $20 regardless 300 or 600 cookies. By charging an extra $5, she would cover her cost and give the club more cookies. This showed people that she had a sense for business. Today Maria Villanueva, the grandniece of Connie, is the CEO of the company and her goal for Aunt Connieâ„ ¢s Cookies is to increase profit and she needs to determine the best way to make this happen. Maria is responsible to decide how money will be spent to make Aunt Connies Cookies succeed without going into debt. First Maria will look at how the price increase for lemon creme and real mint cookies in the last few months has decreased its volume. So Maria needs to maximize her contribution margin and operating profits and she has two choices. Usually when a price reduction occurs, demand will increase so she could revise the unit prices on both the cookies or reach out to more retailers by increasing ad expenses by half on both cookies. Maria must determine how each type of cost effects changes. The advertising expense is a fixed cost that will not change even when the quantity of cookies produced varies. Looking at the cost of ingredients needed to produce the cookies it is a variable cost. These costs will rise as the number of cookies produced increases. The correlation between costs, volume, and the impact on profit of these choices is seen in the contribution margin during the simulation. Maria can use the cost accounting system to help determine the most profitable price point for cookies by evaluating the cost volume profit relationship. ?   Maria wanted to reduce the price of lemon cremes and mint cookies to increase volumes. Maria increases fixed costs through increased advertising. She also decides to increase the margin to the distributors to help increase volumes. ?  Her decision that she made helped increase her sales and profit. Maria was then faced with an offer for a bulk order from a client who wanted to buy a million packs of real mint cookies at $1.20 a pack or nothing. If Maria accepts the order, this will reduce her current volumes being produced in the market and rejecting the order could mean under utilization of capacity. She decided to accept the bulk order by reducing the current production volumes for both cookies. When one is trying to maximize operating profits, it is better to produce more of the product that has a greater contribution margin per unit; in this case it was the lemon creme cookies. The next decision that Maria had to face was a competitorâ„ ¢s peanut butter cookie manufacturing unit was up for sale. The competitorâ„ ¢s owner gave two options to Maria, first she could buy the unit and use the capacity to make lemon creme cookies or buy the unit and continue to make peanut butter cookies. Maria decided to buy the unit and use the capacity to make lemon cremes and manufacture 600,000 packs seeing the breakeven point is 563,000 resulting in operating profits from the new unit. With the holidays just around the corner, the bakers wanted to come out with a special cookie called the Chocorones. Maria needs to decide to up her labor force or her equipment. She decided to update her labor force seeing this is a seasonal cookie and it is more a less an indifference point between the two. By making the right decisions, Maria has increased her profits and acquired an extra business unit helping her use the capacity to make her cookies. She will continue to carry out her Aunt Connieâ„ ¢s legacy and make profit at the same time.

Should Assisted Suicide be Legal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Should Assisted Suicide be Legal - Essay Example John is hospitalized with cancer, death is imminent, and he is in excruciating pain that is not relieved by medicine. He begs his family and his doctors to end his life so he will no longer feel the pain. John has been diagnosed with a cancer that is not treatable and this cancer will take his life eventually. A medically hastened death that speeds up the process should be an alternative for John. The suffering of John cannot be understood by anyone else apart from John himself and to choose for death over life is not an easy option. Thus the decision of John implies a very important aspect of human suffering and if he wants to end his misery by ending his life, he should be permitted to do so as this is the only option left for him. With the development in the world, the human mind has broadened its perspectives. The spread of knowledge has enabled a person to know how human beings have evolved as well as to understand their position and rights in the society. Gone are the times whe n people used to be suppressed by their powerful counterparts. With this evolution the recognition of the self and civil liberties have been understood. People have reached to levels where they believe that they possess complete control of their lives to an extent that they can strongly advocate the fact that they can choose for death as an option and they consider this demand to be their due right. Pain and suffering is a feeling which is very difficult for a human being to bear. If a person feels that he has lost all hope of living a normal live and his life would only be filled with pain and suffering, he can opt for the decision like assisted suicide. It is extremely important that all options relating to the aspect of assisted suicide should be considered before legalizing it. It should be a practice which should be allowed for people but there should be a set of strict rules and regulations to check for all the aspects of the person before he opts for this option. This is beca use many people could opt for this method without any sound and important reasons. Thus a set of rules should be implemented along with the legalization of this method which must include thorough research on the life of the person who opts for assisted suicide. This should be followed by a confirmation of the fact that there is no way in which the condition of the patient can improve. The practice of assisted suicide has been met with much criticism by many groups. The religious groups argue against this practice very strongly. According to these religions human beings are not the judges of the lives of other human beings and thus euthanasia that is assisted suicide is an unethical issue. Moreover, these religions say that the individuals have to suffer as it has been written in their fate by God himself and human beings have no interference in killing these individuals and relieving them from pain. A person has to face all the difficulties and hardships that come in their way. Thus opting for assisted suicide is not justified according to the religious perspective (Bowie, 2001). The critics of Euthanasia have other concerns as well as they believe that following this practice may divert the professionals from their original line of work. The doctors and physicians were supposedly the ones who saved the lives of people and provided them the hope of living their lives and providing them with the best possible forms of treatment. Their function is not to kill them out of mercy. So if a doctor or

VA Team members Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

VA Team members - Assignment Example The customers will most likely continue to do business with the company. 2.) To validate any experimental strategy so that given the time and resources it yields and an analytical result that is understandable, accurate, and defensible is important to SME analysts because if this is not done properly those in the companies who work in another department will lack understanding of what the new strategy is going to be, in testing out the experimental strategy that SME analyst is attempting to implement new strategies throughout the company, and whenever a company is experimenting with new strategies. It is best to test them out before implementing them. 3.) Constructing the site is important to an SME analyst because if the site is poorly constructed customers will not be able to use the site properly. Not only will customers be unable to use the site properly, but other members of the VA team will not be able to use it properly. If the site is used on properly, it is ineffective, and inadequate. 4.) Conducting an analysis of the information given by the VA team is important to an SME analyst the cause conducting an analysis of the information helps to implement new strategies, and the effectiveness of the strategies being experimenting throughout the company.